- φονεύω
- φονεύω fut. φονεύσω; 1 aor. ἐφόνευσα; pf. 3 sg, πεφόνευκεν Pr 7:26. Pass.: 1 fut. φονευθήσομαι; 1 aor. ἐφονεύθην (TestSol 1:3 D; GJs 23:3; AcPl Ha 1, 14); pf. 3 sg. πεφόνευται (Tob 2:3 S; GJs 24:3), ptc. πεφονευμένος (Judg 20:4 A; ApcMos 3) (cp. two prec. entries; Pind., Aeschyl., Hdt.+) murder, kill, abs. οὐ φονεύσεις you shall not commit murder (Ex 20:15) Mt 5:21a (cp. ibid. b); 19:18; Ro 13:9; D 2:2a; also μὴ φονεύσῃς Mk 10:19; Lk 18:20; Js 2:11a; cp. b and 4:2 (where the conjecture φθονεῖτε, originated by Erasmus, has been favored by Calvin, Spitta, JMayor, Belser, Windisch, Dibelius, Hauck, Moffatt.—DeWette, Beyschlag, Meinertz et al. prefer to take φονεύω in a fig. sense [cp. PLond I, 113, 12d, 11f p. 227, c. 600 A.D.: ὁ χρεώστης ἐφόνευσέν με. A similar expr. as early as Herodas 6, 26 αὕτη μʼ ἡ γυνή ποτε ἐκτρίψει=this woman will be the death of me yet], of anger; GRendall, The Ep. of St. James and Judaic Christianity 1927, 30f; 113 takes it literally, as do many before and after him, so e.g. NRSV, REB). τινά someone Mt 23:31, 35; Js 5:6. φ. τέκνον ἐν φθορᾷ B 19:5; D 2:2b (s. φθορά 2). Pass. be put to death, die a violent death 1 Cl 57:7 (Pr 1:32); GPt 2:5; 5:15; GJs 23:3; 24:2f; AcPl Ha1, 14.—DELG s.v. θείνω. M-M.
Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά παλαιοχριστιανική Λογοτεχνία. 2015.